Chemotherapy Drugs and Delivery

There are a variety of chemotherapy drugs. The choice and combination of drugs will be based on your particular cancer and reaction to drugs. Chemotherapy drugs for cervical cancer may include:

• Cisplatin
• Carboplatin
• Taxol
• Paclitaxel
• Fluorouracil (5-FU)
• Bevacizumab

Chemotherapy for cervical cancer is most often given through an IV, though some forms can be given by mouth. It is delivered in cycles over a set period of time. A medical oncologist will determine how many cycles of chemotherapy are needed and what combination of drugs will work best. Generally, there are 4-6 cycles when chemotherapy is used alone and up to 10 cycles when combined with radiation therapy.

Side Effects and Management

Though the drugs are targeted to cancer cells, they can affect healthy cells as well. The death of cancer cells and impact on healthy cells can cause a range of side effects. A medical oncologist will work to find the best drug combination and dosage to have the most impact on the cancer cells and minimal side effects on healthy tissue. Side effects or complications from chemotherapy may include:

• Menstrual changes
• Premature menopause, which can be temporary or permanent
• Increased frequency and urgency of bowel and bladder function
• Numbness, pain, or burning sensation in the the hands and feet— peripheral neuropathy
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Fatigue due to anemia
• Confusion, forgetfulness

A variety of treatments are available to help manage side effects including medication, lifestyle changes, and alternative treatments. In some cases, the chemotherapy regimen may be adjusted to reduce severe side effects. The earlier the side effects are addressed, the more likely they will be controlled with a minimum of discomfort.

Long-term side effects may also occur. The chemotherapy drug adriamycin has been associated with damage to the heart muscle. Rarely, leukemia may also result from treatment with chemotherapy drugs. Share any concerns about the long-term effects of chemotherapy with your doctor.