Risk Factors for Osteoporosis

Age

Bone building slows down as bone loss speeds up. This is normal as you age. But it makes the chances of having osteoporosis higher.

Genetics

If people in your family have osteoporosis, your chances of it are higher. This is especially true if someone has or had a broken hip. Certain genetic diseases also raise your risk.

Diet

Not getting enough calcium or vitamin D is a main cause for osteoporosis. Other links to bone loss are too much alcohol or caffeine use. Eating a balanced diet with a lot of different foods is best.

Lack of Exercise

Exercise keeps your bones strong. Not exercising causes weaker muscles and poorer balance. This can lead to falls and broken bones.

Smoking

Smoking disrupts your bone and joint health. Smoking and low bone mass are linked.

Bone Structure and Body Weight

The chances are higher in people who are underweight or have a small frame.

Lack of Sunlight

Sun on your skin is the main source of vitamin D. Vitamin D helps grow strong bones. If you don’t get in the sun enough, your vitamin D levels may be low. This can also happen if you don’t eat enough foods with vitamin D.

Race and Ethnic Background

White, Asian, and Hispanic women are more likely to have osteoporosis. This may also be true in men, but to a lesser degree.

Medicines and Health Problems

The long term use of certain medicines such as:

• Corticosteroids
• Immune system suppressants
• Chemotherapy
• Gonadotropin releasing hormone
• Antidepressants
• Anti-seizures
• Aluminum antacids
• Proton pump inhibitors
• Long term heparin therapy
• Glitazones—used to treat diabetes

Talk to your doctor before stopping or changing medicines.

Long term health problems such as:

• Celiac disease
• Crohn disease
• Stomach removal
• Diabetes
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Asthma
• Chronic kidney disease
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Depression
• Certain cancers