Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) Test
Definition
Arterial blood gas is a test to look for gases in the blood.
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Reasons for Test TOP
This test measures the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. It also checks blood acidity (pH). It is often used to see how well the lungs or kidneys are working. It can also check to see if oxygen therapy is helping someone.
Possible Complications TOP
Problems are rare, but all procedures have some risk. The doctor will go over some problems that could happen, such as:
- Bleeding
- Bruising
- Injury to the artery
What to Expect TOP
Prior to Test
The technician may press on arteries in the wrist. This is to check blood flow.
Description of Test
The site will be swabbed clean. The needle will then be inserted into the artery. Blood will be withdrawn. The needle will be removed.
After Test TOP
Gauze will be held on the site to help stop bleeding. You may also be given a bandage. This test takes about 5 to 10 minutes.
How Long Will It Take? TOP
A few minutes
Will It Hurt? TOP
There may be slight pain when the needle is inserted.
Results TOP
Based on the test results, your doctor can assess lung and kidney function.
Call Your Doctor TOP
Call your doctor if you have:
- Signs of infection, such as fever and chills
- Bleeding or severe bruising
- Weakness, tingling, or numbness in hands or feet
If you think you have an emergency, call for medical help right away.
RESOURCES:
American Association for Respiratory Care
http://www.aarc.org
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov
CANADIAN RESOURCES:
Health Canada
https://www.canada.ca
The Lung Association
https://www.lung.ca
REFERENCES:
Arterial blood gases (ABG) test. University of Michigan Health website. Available at: https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/hw2343. Accessed August 27, 2021.
Blood gases. Lab Tests Online—American Association for Clinical Chemistry website. Available at: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/blood-gases. Accessed August 27, 2021.
Dyspnea—approach to the patient. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/approach-to/dyspnea-approach-to-the-patient. Accessed August 27, 2021.
Last reviewed August 27, 2021 by
EBSCO Medical Review Board
Nicole Meregian, PA
Last Updated: 8/27/2021