Bunion
(Hallux Valgus)
Definition
A bunion is a painful lump at the base of the big toe. Over time, it causes the tip of the big toe to turn toward the other toes. Thebig toe may also overlap the second or third toe.
BunionCopyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc. |
Risk Factors TOP
Bunions are more common in women and older adults. They are also more common in people who have family members with bunions. Other things that may raise your risk are:
- Personal or family history of foot deformities
- Flat feet that put too much weight on the big toe joint
- Inflammatory joint problems, such as psoriatic arthritis and gout
Symptoms TOP
Bunions may cause:
- Pain in the big toe and second toe
- Problems moving the big toe
- Redness and swelling
- A firm lump on the inside edge of the foot at the base of the big toe
Diagnosis TOP
The doctor will ask about your symptoms and past health. A foot exam will be done. It is diagnosed based on the exam.
Treatment TOP
The doctor will talk about treatment choices. They may be:
Supportive Care
It is important to ease pressure on the bunion. This may be done with:
- Padding
- Shoes that are wide and deep
- Shoe inserts
Medicine
Prescription or over-the-counter medicines may be given to ease pain.
RESOURCES:
American Podiatric Medical Association
http://www.apma.org
OrthoInfo—American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
http://orthoinfo.org
CANADIAN RESOURCES:
Ontario Podiatric Medical Association
http://www.opma.ca
Health Canada
https://www.canada.ca
REFERENCES:
Bunions. Ortho Info—American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery website. Available at:
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Accessed March 25, 2021.
Bunion surgery. Ortho Info—American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery website. Available at:
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Accessed March 25, 2021.
Easley ME, Trnka HJ. Current concepts review: hallux valgus part II: operative treatment. Foot Ankle Int. 2007 Jun;28(6):748-758.
Hallux valgus and bunion. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/condition/hallux-valgus-and-bunion. Accessed March 25, 2021.
Last reviewed February 2021 by
EBSCO Medical Review Board
Teresa Briedwell, PT, DPT, OCS, CSCS
Last Updated: 3/25/2021