Molluscum Contagiosum

Definition

Molluscum contagiosum is an infection of the skin.

Causes

Molluscum contagiosum is caused by a virus. The virus can be spread from:

• Direct skin to skin contact with an infected person
• Shared items, such as towels or wrestling mats
• One part of a person's body to another area

Risk Factors

Factors that increase your risk of getting molluscum contagiosum include:

• Weakened immune system, especially in people with AIDS or HIV
• Poor hygiene
• Overcrowded conditions
• Sexual contact
• Having other skin conditions, such as atopic dermatitis

Symptoms

Symptoms may include:

Molluscum Contagiosum

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• Small, dome-shaped bumps with dimpling in center
• Painless, but may be itchy or tender
• Appear translucent, pearly or flesh-colored at first then may turn gray and drain
• White or waxy substance in center of lesion
• Usually multiple lesions in groups
• Face, trunk, arms, and legs are common sites in children
• Genitals, abdomen, and inner thigh are common sites in adults
• Can last from several weeks to several years

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is usually made based on the lesion appearance. Sometimes a biopsy will be taken to rule out other conditions. A biopsy is the removal of a small sample of the area. The sample will be looked at under a microscope.

Treatment

Molluscum contagiosum usually goes away on its own within six months to two years without any treatment. For people with HIV, the lesions usually persist and spread indefinitely. Your doctor may recommend the removal of some lesions to prevent the spread of the infection or to avoid infecting others.

Treatment options include the following:

• Cryotherapy
• Curettage
• Laser surgery
• Topical therapy

Prevention

To reduce your chances of getting molluscum contagiosum, avoid any contact with an infected person.

If you are contagious, avoid any personal contact with others, contact sports, or sharing personal items.