Definition

Eosinophilia is a higher than normal number of a type of white blood cell called eosinophils. These cells help protect the body from certain types of infections. They are also involved in allergic reactions.

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Causes

Causes may be:

• Problems in genes that control cell growth
• A change in the number of cells due to certain cancers
• Health problems, such as infections, problems with the immune system, or allergies

Risk Factors

This symptom is more common in people who have other family members who have it.

Other things that may raise the risk are:

• Allergies, including food allergies
• Infections, mainly those caused by parasites
• Inflammatory conditions in the body
• Skin problems
• Certain blood cancers
• Reactions to medicines
• Conditions or toxic exposures from work

Symptoms

Some people may not have symptoms. The symptoms a person will have depend on what is causing the eosinophilia. For example:

• Asthma:
  • Wheezing
  • Breathing problems
• Infections from a parasite:
  • Belly pain
  • Diarrhea
  • Fever
  • Cough
  • Rashes

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about your symptoms and health history. A physical may be done.

Initial tests may be:

• Blood tests
• Stool tests
• Biopsy
• Bone marrow tests

Other tests that may be done depend on the problems you are having. This may involve:

• X-rays
• CT scan
• MRI scan
• Endoscopy

Treatment

The focus of care depends on the problems a person has. Corticosteroids may be given to ease inflammation. This will also lower the number of eosinophils.

Prevention

There are no known guidelines to prevent this symptom.