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Polycystic Kidney Disease(PKD; Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease; ADPKD; Adult Polycystic Disease; Polycystic Kidney Disease Type 2)
by
Amy Scholten, MPH DefinitionPolycystic kidney disease (PKD) is when many fluid-filled cysts form in the kidneys. The kidneys get bigger as the cysts grow inside them. This can cause kidney damage and other problems. Autosomal dominant PKD happens in adults and is the most common type. Autosomal recessive PKD is a type found in newborns.
CausesPKD is caused by faulty gene. Other people have it due to changes in a certain gene. Risk FactorsThe risk of this problem is higher in people who have a parent with PKD. SymptomsSome people have symptoms at birth while others do not have problems until later in life. Symptoms also differ from person to person. Problems may be:
DiagnosisThe doctor will ask about symptoms and health history. A physical exam will be done. Blood and urine tests will be done to check kidney function. Images may be taken of the kidneys. This can be done with: TreatmentThere is no cure. The goal of treatment is to manage symptoms and prevent health problems. Options are:
Some people may need surgery to:
PreventionThere is no known way to prevent PKD. RESOURCES:National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases https//www.niddk.nih.gov PKD Foundation https://pkdcure.org CANADIAN RESOURCES:Health Canada https://www.canada.ca The Kidney Foundation of Canada https://www.kidney.ca References:
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at:
https://www.dynamed.com/condition/autosomal-dominant-polycystic-kidney-disease-adpkd. Accessed December 29, 2020.
Chebib F, Perrone R , et al. A practical guide for treatment of rapidly progressive ADPKD with tolvaptan. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 Oct;29(10):2458-2470. Kidney (renal) and cystic disease. Urology Care Foundation website. Available at:
https://www.urologyhealth.org/urology-a-z/k/kidney-(renal)-dysplasia-and-cystic-disease. Accessed December 29, 2020. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Family Doctor—American Academy of Family Physicians website. Available at: ...(Click grey area to select URL) Accessed December 29, 2020. What is PKD? PKD Foundation website. Available at:
https://pkdcure.org/what-is-pkd. Accessed December 29, 2020. Last reviewed September 2020 by
EBSCO Medical Review Board
Adrienne Carmack, MD Last Updated: 12/29/2020 | |