Definition

A transverse process fracture is a break in 1 or more transverse process. These are wing-like bones on the right and left side of each vertebra in the spine.

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Causes

These fractures are caused by trauma from:

• Falls
• Car, motorcycle, or pedestrian accidents
• Severe and sudden twisting or bending
• Severe blows to the back and spine
• Violence, such as a gunshot

Risk Factors

Older adults are at higher risk. Things that may increase the chance of a spinous process fracture are:

• Having health problems that weaken bones, such as osteoporosis
• Low muscle mass
• Playing sports that involve sudden twists and turns or extreme contact
• Not wearing a seatbelt
• Being around violence

Symptoms

These fractures can happen at any place in the spinal column. They may cause:

• Severe pain that may be worse when moving
• Swelling and bruising
• Numbness, tingling, or weak muscles
• Problems moving the injured part of the spine
• Loss of bladder or bowel control

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about your symptoms and health history. You will also be asked how the injury happened. A physical exam will be done. It will also look for nerve damage.

Images may be taken to look at your spine. This can be done with:

• X-rays
• MRI scan
• CT scan

Treatment

Treatment will depend on how severe the injury is. It may take up to 6 weeks to heal.

Prevention

Most fractures happen due to accidents. Healthy bones and muscles may prevent injury. This may be done through diet and exercise.