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Anal Fissure
by
Cynthia M. Johnson, MA DefinitionAn anal fissure is a cut or tear in the lining of the anus. The anus is the opening through which stool leaves the body.
CausesThe exact cause is not known. In most people, it happens as a result of trauma to the anal lining. Trauma can be caused by:
Risk FactorsThings that may raise the risk of this problem are:
SymptomsThe main problem is severe burning or tearing pain during and after a bowel movement. A person may also pass bright red blood or mucous. DiagnosisThe doctor will ask about your symptoms and health history. A physical exam will be done. It will focus on the anus. The doctor will likely be able to see an anal fissure. This is enough to make the diagnosis. If the diagnosis is not clear, these tests may be done: TreatmentThe goal of treatment is to promote healing. Choices are:
People who are not helped by these methods may need surgery. Choices are:
PreventionThe risk of this problem may be lowered by eating a high fiber diet and drinking plenty of fluids. RESOURCES:American College of Gastroenterology http://patients.gi.org American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons http://www.fascrs.org CANADIAN RESOURCES:Canadian Association of Gastroenterology https://www.cag-acg.org Canadian Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons http://cscrs.ca References:Anal fissure. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at:
https://www.dynamed.com/condition/anal-fissure. Accessed March 16, 2021. Anal fissure. American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons website. Available at: https://fascrs.org/videos/anal-fissure. Accessed March 16, 2021. Higuero T. Update on the management of anal fissure. J Visc Surg. 2015 Apr;152(2 Suppl):S37-43. Last reviewed December 2020 by
EBSCO Medical Review Board
Daniel A. Ostrovsky, MD Last Updated: 03/16/2021 | |