Definition

A finger sprain is stretching or tearing of the ligaments of the finger. Ligaments are strong bands of tissue that hold bones to each other.

Finger Sprain Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.

Causes

A finger sprain is when a force pushes the bones of the finger apart. If the force is strong enough, the ligament comes apart. This can happen from things like:

• A blow to the finger
• An impact with an object or another person
• Falling on the hand

Risk Factors

Things that may raise the risk of this problem are:

• Playing sports, such as basketball or volleyball
• Poor coordination or balance
• Muscle weakness
• Loose joints

Symptoms

Problems may be:

• Pain and tenderness
• Swelling, warmth, or bruising around the finger
• Problems moving the finger

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about your symptoms and health history. You will also be asked how you injured your finger. A physical exam will be done. It will focus on your finger.

It can be hard to tell a sprain from a fracture or dislocation. Pictures may be taken. This can be done with:

• X-rays
• MRI scan

Treatment

Treatment will depend on the joint and how severe the injury is. The goal of treatment is to ease pain and improve movement. Choices are:

• Supportive care, such as rest, ice, a compression bandage, and raising the finger to ease pain and swelling
• Medicine, such as over the counter pain relievers
• Taping and splinting the finger to keep it in place as it heals

Surgery may be needed to repair a finger sprain if:

• A small piece of bone has been broken off
• A ligament is very torn

Prevention

Most sprains are due to accidents. They cannot always be prevented. The risk may be lowered by:

• Using the right safety gear and techniques when playing sports
• Stretching and strengthening the ligaments that support the finger