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Sjogren Syndrome(Primary Sjogren Syndrome; Secondary Sjogren Syndrome)How to Say It: show-GRENS Sin-drom
by
Cynthia M. Johnson, MA DefinitionSjogren syndrome is a disorder that causes the immune system to destroy the glands that make tears and saliva. There are two types:
CausesThe cause is not known. Genetics, the environment, and hormones may play a role. Risk FactorsThis problem is more common in women. It usually starts in those who are 40 to 55 years of age. Other things that may raise the risk are:
SymptomsProblems may be:
DiagnosisThe doctor will ask about your symptoms and health history. A physical exam will be done. You may be referred to a specialist. You may also be referred to a dentist for an exam. Your eyes may be tested. This can be done with:
Blood tests will be done to look for antibodies linked to this syndrome. Images of the salivary gland may be taken. This can be done with:
Salivary gland tissue may need to be tested. This can be done with a biopsy. TreatmentThere is no cure. The goal of treatment is to manage symptoms. Choices are:
People with severe dry eye may need surgery. A plug may be placed in the tear ducts to stop fluid from draining from the eyes. PreventionThere are no known guidelines to prevent this health problem. RESOURCES:American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association, Inc. http://www.aarda.org Sjogren's Foundation http://www.sjogrens.org CANADIAN RESOURCES:Health Canada https://www.canada.ca MyHealth.Alberta.ca http://www.health.alberta.ca References:
Sjogren syndrome. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at:
https://www.dynamed.com/condition/sjogren-syndrome.
Accessed March 2, 2021.
Sjogren's syndrome information page. National institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke website. Available at: https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Sj%C3%B6grens-Syndrome-Information-Page. Accessed March 2, 2021. Vivino FB. Sjogren's syndrome: Clinical aspects. Clin Immunol. 2017 Sep;182:48-54.
2/22/2017 EBSCO DynaMed Systematic Literature Surveillance
https://www.dynamed.com/condition/sjogren-syndrome: Luciano N, Baldini, Tarantini G, et al. Ultrasonography of major salivary glands: a highly specific tool for distinguishing primary Sjögren's syndrome from undifferentiated connective tissue diseases. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015;54(12):2198-2204.
8/1/2019 EBSCO DynaMed Systematic Literature Surveillance
https://www.dynamed.com/condition/sjogren-syndrome: Singh JA, Cleveland JD. The risk of Sjogren's syndrome in the older adults with gout: A medicare claims study.
Joint Bone Spine. 2019 Feb 7 [Epub ahead of print]. Last reviewed December 2020 by
EBSCO Medical Review Board
Kari Kassir, MD Last Updated: 3/2/2021 | |