Definition

Pruritus ani is itching in and around the anus. Anal itching is a common problem. It may be mild or severe.

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Causes

Anal itching can be caused by many things. They may be:

• Skin problems, such as contact dermatitis or psoriasis
• Certain diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, or liver disease
• Infections, such as:
  • Pinworms
  • Fungi
  • Skin infections from strep bacteria
  • Sexually transmitted infections
• Hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal fistula, proctitis, or skin tags
• Certain foods, such as:
  • Tea, coffee, colas
  • Alcohol
  • Chili peppers
  • Citrus
  • Milk
  • Tomatoes
• Too much moisture around the anus
• Soaps, scents, and lotions that irritate
• Certain medicines

Risk Factors

Things that raise the risk of anal itching are:

• Any of the causes listed above
• Cleaning the area too much or not enough
• Sweating
• Leaking stool

Symptoms

Symptoms are itching and burning in and around the anus. They may go away soon or last a long time.

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about your symptoms and health history. A physical exam may be done. The doctor will look for a cause.

Treatment

The goal of treatment is ease symptoms. Underlying causes will be treated, if known.

Treatment options may be:

• Self-care, such as:
  • Not using irritating products
  • Using sitz baths and gentle cleaning
  • Wearing loose-fitting clothing
• Over the counter or prescription medicines, such as:
  • Cortisone creams or ointments—to reduce itching and protect the area
  • Zinc oxide ointment—to protect the area
  • Capsaicin cream—to reduce itching
• Medicines to treat any underlying conditions

Prevention

The risk of anal itching may be lowered by:

• Not using products that irritate
• Keeping the area clean and dry