Tarlov Cyst(Perineural Cyst; Sacral Nerve Root Cyst)
by
Deanna M. Neff, MPH DefinitionTarlov cysts are abnormal sacs of spinal fluid that usually form around spinal root nerve fibers at the lower end of the spine, which is called the sacrum.
Causes TOPThe cause of a Tarlov cyst is unknown, but may be due to abnormal development of the nerve sheath. Risk Factors TOPAlthough gender may not be a risk factor, Tarlov cysts have more often been found in women than men. Tarlov cysts may be linked to connective tissue disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus and Marfan syndrome. Symptoms TOPMost of the time, Tarlov cysts do not cause symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they are associated with nerve root compression and may include:
If you have a Tarlov cyst, the following may cause it to become painful or cause other symptoms:
Diagnosis TOPYou will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. Depending on your symptoms, you may need to see a specialist. Your doctor will also look for other conditions that could be causing symptoms. Images may be taken of your bodily structures. This can be done with: Treatment TOPIf you are experiencing symptoms, talk with your doctor about the best treatment plan for you. Options may include: MedicationsTo relieve inflammation and/or pain:
Other TreatmentsOther treatments may include:
Prevention TOPThere are no current guidelines to prevent a Tarlov cyst. RESOURCES:National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke https://www.ninds.nih.gov Tarlov Cyst Disease Foundation https://www.tarlovcystfoundation.org CANADIAN RESOURCES:Alberta Health http://www.health.alberta.ca HealthLink BC https://www.healthlinkbc.ca References:Lucantoni C, Than K, Wang AC, et.al. Tarlov cysts: a controversial lesion of the sacral spine. Neurosurg Focus. 2011;31(6):E14. Tarlov cyst information. Tarlov Cyst Disease Foundation website. Available at:
https://www.tarlovcystfoundation.org/info. Accessed December 19, 2017. Tarlov cysts. NORD—National Organization for Rare Disorders website. Available at:
https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/tarlov-cysts. Accessed December 19, 2017. Tarlov cysts. GARD—Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center website. Available at:
https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/9258/tarlov-cysts/cases/27316. Accessed December 19, 2017. Last reviewed November 2018 by
EBSCO Medical Review Board
Michael Woods, MD, FAAP Last Updated: 12/19/2017 | |
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