Female sterilization has traditionally been done with tubal ligation. This is a surgical procedure where the abdomen is entered and the fallopian tubes are cut and tied to keep eggs released from the ovaries from reaching the uterus. By comparison, Essure is a small metallic implant that is placed into a woman’s fallopian tubes. Unlike other sterilization procedures for women, no incision or general anesthesia is required.

How Does Essure Work?

A tool called a hysteroscope is inserted into the vagina and through the cervix, which allows the doctor to see inside of the uterus. The doctor then uses a thin tube to thread the Essure device through the vagina and then into the fallopian tube. This procedure is repeated to implant a second device into the other fallopian tube. The procedure causes pain in some women, but it is likely that pain is less than with other forms of permanent sterilization. Essure implants work by causing scar tissue to form over the implant. The scar tissue permanently blocks the fallopian tube and prevents fertilization of the egg by the sperm.

How Long Does It Take to Work?    TOP

Women must use an alternate birth control method for three months after the insertion of Essure implants, since it takes about that long for the scar tissue to grow. At the three-month point, the doctor checks to make sure that the device has been properly placed, and that the scar tissue has fully blocked the fallopian tubes. This is done with an injection of dye into the uterus followed by an x-ray. If implantation was successful, alternate contraception can be discontinued. In some cases, implantation is not successful.

Is It Effective?    TOP

The Essure device is 99.74% effective in preventing pregnancy. Pregnancies that do occur after sterilization are more likely to be ectopic pregnancies, which occur outside the uterus and can be life-threatening.

Other risks associated with Essure include:

• Infection
• Pelvic or back pain
• Blockage of the fallopian tube on only one side
• Damage to the uterus or fallopian tube during the procedure

Is This the Right Procedure for You?    TOP

Essure is not the right procedure if you:

• Want to become pregnant—Essure is permanent. You will not be able to have a baby.
• Have been pregnant during the past six weeks
• Have an active or recent pelvic infection
• Are allergic to nickel or contrast dye (used in imaging tests)
• Have a condition that affects your uterus or fallopian tubes

Talk to your doctor to find out if Essure is a good option for you.