Definition

Torticollis is a problem where the head turns and tilts to one side and the chin points to the other side. One shoulder may lift. It may be all the time or may come and go.

Causes    TOP

The causes aren’t clear. It may be from:

• Infant's body pose before birth or during birth
• Head or neck injury
• Problems with genes
• Infection in neck muscles or bones
• Problems with the nervous system
• Ear or eye problems
• Misshapen bones or muscles in the neck
• Tumors of the head or neck
• Arthritis of the neck
• Use of certain medicines

Risk Factors    TOP

This problem is more common in females, kids under 10, and adults who are 30-60 years old. You are at risk if someone in your family has this condition.

Symptoms    TOP

Muscles of the Neck Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.

Symptoms are:

• Rotation and tilting of the head to one side
• Stiff neck
• Painful spasms of neck and upper back
• Poor range of the head and neck
• Headache

Symptoms range from mild to severe. It often worsens slowly for 1-5 years. Then it slows and stays the same. It may last for life. It can result in problems moving and affect your posture.

Diagnosis    TOP

You will be asked about your symptoms and health history. A physical exam will be done.

Pictures may be needed. This can be done with:

• X-rays
• CT scan
• MRI scan

Treatment    TOP

Treatment depends on whether the problem has been since birth (congenital) or started later (acquired). Physical therapy, oral medicine, botulinum toxin (Botox) injections, and surgery may be done. Other methods are:

Prevention    TOP

It can’t be prevented. Early medical care may keep things from getting worse.