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Low-Phosphorous Diet

What Is Phosphorous?

Phosphorous is a mineral found in food and in our bones. It has many roles, such as helping to build strong and healthy bones.

Why Should I Follow This Diet? TOP

People with kidney problems may need to eat this way. The kidneys help to filter phosphorous out of the blood. Phosphorous levels can build up in your blood when the kidneys are not able to filter it. This makes your body lower these levels by taking calcium from your bones. This makes your bones weak and put you at higher risk for fractures and osteoporosis. High levels of phosphorous in the blood may lead to heart problems.

Food Choices TOP

Phosphorous is found in protein-rich foods, such as dairy products, meat, legumes, nuts and seeds, whole grains, chocolate, and cola.

Food Group	Foods You Should Eat	Foods You Should Not Eat
Grains	Refined grains Breads, rolls, muffins, and crackers made from white (or refined) flour Pasta White rice Couscous Refined cereal (rice cereal, corn cereal) Cream of wheat Grits	Breads, rolls, and crackers made with whole grains (like whole wheat, oats, rye) Breads, rolls, and crackers that have seeds Whole grain pasta Brown rice, wild rice Whole wheat couscous Whole grain cereal, bran cereal Oatmeal Biscuits, quick breads, and pancakes or waffles made with baking powder
Vegetables	All	Dried, split, and black-eyed peas
Fruits	All	None
Milk	Butter Cream cheese Rice milk Sour cream	Most, such as: Milk Yogurt Hard cheeses (like Swiss, Cheddar, Monterey Jack) and ricotta Cottage cheese Ice cream, frozen yogurt Cream-based soups
Meats and Beans	All natural meats and poultry Fresh or frozen beef, lamb, pork, poultry, fish, and shellfish Eggs and egg substitutes Low-sodium peanut butter Dried peas and beans Unsalted nuts	Dried beans and peas (like baked beans, chickpeas, black beans, lima beans, northern beans, split peas, and soy beans) Seeds and nuts Carp Crayfish Beef liver Chicken liver Fish roe Organ meats Oysters Sardines Processed meats, such as bologna, ham, and hot dogs
Fats and Oils	All	Peanut butter, nut butters
Snacks, Sweets, and Condiments	Fruit-flavored hard candy Fruit-flavored jelly beans Sherbet	Chocolate Pudding Custard Caramel
Drinks	Most drinks	Colas Chocolate milk Hot cocoa Drinks made with milk Canned iced tea Ale and beer
Other	Non-dairy creamer	Baking powder Brewer’s yeast

Tips TOP

Use nondairy creamers in place of milk in your coffee, tea, sauces, and cereal.
Read food labels. Look for products with 5% or less of the Daily Value (DV) for phosphorous.
Many products have thickeners with phosphorus to make things taste better. Try not to eat them.
Work with a dietitian to make a meal plan.
You may need to take a phosphate-binder medicine. It will soak up extra phosphorous so that it passes out in your stool.

RESOURCES:

Eat Right—Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
http://www.eatright.org

US Department of Health and Human Services
https://health.gov

CANADIAN RESOURCES:

Dietitians of Canada
http://www.dietitians.ca

The Kidney Foundation of Canada
http://www.kidney.ca

REFERENCES:

Patient education: dietary and fluid compliance for patients on hemodialysis. EBSCO Nursing Reference Center website. Available at: https://www.ebscohost.com/nursing/products/nursing-reference-center. Updated January 4, 2019. Accessed June 17, 2019.

Phosphorus and your CKD diet. National Kidney Foundation website. Available at: https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/phosphorus. Updated April 18, 2019. Accessed June 17, 2019.

The renal diet—phosphorus. UNC Health Care website. Available at: https://unckidneycenter.org/files/2017/10/renaldiet_phosphorus.pdf. Accessed June 17, 2019.

Last reviewed June 2019 by EBSCO Medical Review Board Dianne Scheinberg Rishikof MS, RD, LDN
Last Updated: 8/4/2020

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