por Karen Schroeder Kassel, MS, RD, MEd
Un factor de riesgo es aquello que incrementa las probabilidades de contraer una enfermedad o condición.
Es posible tener un parto pretérmino y presentar, o no, los factores de riesgo que se enumeran a continuación. Sin embargo, mientras más factores de riesgo tenga, es mayor su probabilidad de tener labor pretérmino. Si usted tiene varios factores de riesgo, pregunte a su médico qué puede hacer para reducir su riesgo.
Las mujeres que no son de raza blanca menores de 18 años o mayores de 35 años corren un mayor riesgo de tener un parto pretérmino. Otros factores que pueden aumentar el riesgo incluyen lo siguiente:
Embarazo actual y previo:
Causas fetales:
Comportamientos riesgosos:
Antecedentes de problemas de los órganos genitales:
Causas sociales:
Causas físicas y psicológicas:
Prematurity. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at:
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Updated April 18, 2013 . Accessed April 23, 2013.
Preterm labor. The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists website. Available at:
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Accessed April 23, 2013.
Preterm labor. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at:
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Updated March 15, 2013 . Accessed April 23, 2013.
Preterm labor and birth. March of Dimes website. Available at:
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Updated September 2012. Accessed April 23, 2013.
Who is at risk for preterm labor and birth? National Institute of Child Health & Human Development website. Available at: h
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Updated November 30, 2012. Accessed April 23, 2013.
7/21/2009 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Kramer MS, Lydon J, Séguin L, et al. Stress pathways to spontaneous preterm birth: the role of stressors, psychological distress, and stress hormones. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;169:1319-1326.
1/22/2010 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Calderon-Margalit R, Qiu C, Ornoy A, Siscovick DS, Williams MA. Risk of preterm delivery and other adverse perinatal outcomes in relation to maternal use of psychotropic medications during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;201(6):579.e1-8.
8/23/2010 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
...(Click grey area to select URL)
McDonald SD, Han Z, Mulla S, Beyene J; Knowledge Synthesis Group. Overweight and obesity in mothers and risk of preterm birth and low birth weight infants: systematic review and meta-analyses. BMJ. 2010;341:c3428.
11/19/2013 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Roos N, Neovius M, et al. Perinatal outcomes after bariatric surgery: nationwide population based matched cohort study. BMJ. 2013;347:f6460.
4/29/2014 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Huybrechts KF, Sanghani RS, et al. Preterm birth and antidepressant medication use during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 26;9(3):e92778.
8/5/2014 DynaMed's Systematic Literature Surveillance
...(Click grey area to select URL)
Conner SN, Frey HA, et al. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure and risk of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;123(4):752-761.
Ultima revisión March 2020 por
EBSCO Medical Review Board
Beverly Siegal, MD, FACOG
Last Updated: 02/26/2021