Definition

Anal atresia is a problem with the way the anus forms and the part of the intestine leading to the anus. It can make it hard or impossible for the child to pass stool. A child may have:

• An anal opening that is too thin or in the wrong place
• A thin layer that covers the opening
• Intestines that are not connected to the anus
• An unusual link between the intestines and urinary systems that lets stool pass through the urinary system

Causes

Anal atresia happens when an unborn baby’s intestines develop the wrong way. The reason why is not known.

Risk Factors

Anal atresia is more common in boys. It is also more common in those with other health problems, such as Down syndrome and other birth defects.

Symptoms

Problems may be:

• No anal opening at birth
• Anal opening in the wrong place
• No stool within 24 to 48 hours after birth
• Problems feeding
• Swollen belly

Mild anal atresia may not be found until later in life. It may show as a lack of bowel control by age 3 years.

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about your child's symptoms and health history. A physical exam will be done.

Images may be taken. This can be done with:

• Abdominal x-ray
• Abdominal ultrasound
• MRI scan

Treatment

Surgery may be done to fix anal atresia. The type will depend on the defects that the child has. Examples are:

• Surgery to connect the anus and intestine
• Anoplasty to move the anus to the correct location
• Colostomy to attach a part of the intestine to an opening in the wall of the belly to let waste to pass into a bag outside of the body

Temporary Colostomy of an Infant

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Prevention

There are no guidelines to prevent this health problem.